بازشناسی نظریه مزیت رقابتی: روایت‌پژوهی زندگی‌نامه لئونل مسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه آموزشی مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شعبه علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

نظریه­های مزیت رقابتی، با طیف وسیعی از دیدگاه­های متنوع از جمله دیدگاه مبتنی بر منابع، دیدگاه مبتنی بر صنعت، رویکرد هزینه مبادله، رویکرد نوآوری و کارآفرینی و نهایتاً اقتصاد رفتاری مواجه شده­اند که هر یک از این پارادایم­ها، دلیل موفقیت سازمان­ها را به عوامل متفاوتی نسبت داده­اند. هدف از این پژوهش، واکاوی نظریه­های مزیت رقابتی و دستیابی به رویکردی نوین به کمک روایت پژوهی داستان زندگی لئونل مسی می­باشد تا از این طریق، بینش جدید و متفاوتی در مورد مزیت رقابتی ایجاد شود. در این مقاله از روش پژوهش تکرارپذیر تجربی، که رویکردی استقرایی-قیاسی دارد و همزمان از داده­های دست اول و همچنین چارچوب­های نظری موجود، برای ساخت نظریه­ای جدید بهره می­برد، استفاده شده است. ابتدا داده­های مرتبط با زندگی لئونل مسی از کتاب زندگی­نامه او استخراج شده­اند، این داده­ها دو مرحله کدگذاری شده­اند، سپس با نظریه­ها و مفاهیم موجود و مرتبط، پیوند خورده­اند و نهایتاً از طریق ترکیب و تفسیر کدها، نظریه جدید مزیت رقابتی شکل گرفته است. یافته­های این پژوهش نشان می­دهند که مزیت رقابتی، موضوعی فراتر از رویکردهای موجود مبتنی بر منابع، مبتنی بر صنعت و نظریه­های رفتاری می­باشد و دربرگیرنده نظریه­های جامعه­شناسی، از جمله اثر پیگمالیون، تعامل­گرایی نمادین، حسگری اجتماعی، حمایت اجتماعی، عادت­واره­ها و عقلانیت عاشقانه می­باشد. نظریه جدید مزیت رقابتی، هم به لحاظ ماهیت، یعنی ارائه مفاهیم جامعه­شناسی مزیت رقابتی و هم به لحاظ سطح تحلیل، یعنی توجه به سطح جامعه­شناختی سازمان، با نظریه­های موجود، کاملاً تفاوت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Recognizing competitive advantage theory: Narrative research of Lionel Messi’s biography

نویسنده [English]

  • Nima Eskandarinia
Department of Public Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Competitive advantage theories are faced with a wide variety of perspectives, including resource-based view, industrial organization perspective, transaction cost approach, entrepreneurship approach, and finally behavioral economics, each of which has its own paradigms. Each paradigm attributed the reason for the success of organizations to different factors. The purpose of this study is to explore theories of competitive advantage and achieve a new approach with the help of Lionel Messi's life biography to create a new and different insight into competitive advantage. In this paper, the method of phronetic iterative research, which has an inductive-deductive approach and at the same time uses first-hand data as well as existing theoretical frameworks, to construct new theories. First, data related to the life of Lionel Messi are extracted from his biography, this data is coded in two stages, then it is linked to existing and related theories and concepts, and finally through Combining and interpreting codes, a new theory of competitive advantage has emerged. The findings of this study show that competitive advantage is a matter beyond existing resource-based view, industrial organization and behavioral theories, and includes sociological theories, including the Pygmalion effect, symbolic interactionism, social sensemaking, social support, habitus, and romantic rationality. The new theory of competitive advantage is completely different from existing theories, both in nature, ie, the presentation of the sociological concepts of competitive advantage, and in terms of the level of analysis, that is, attention to the sociological level of the organization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Competitive Advantage
  • sociological Approach
  • Lionel Messi

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