استراتژی به مثابه عادت سازی عملگرا: روش نوآورانه ساخت شکنی-وانموده زدایی عملگرا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه آموزشی مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در سال­های اخیر، رویکردهای پست­مدرن و عملگرا به نظریه­های مدیریت استراتژیک، باعث شکل­گیری نگاهی کاملاً متفاوت، عاری از انتزاع و عملگرا به مدیریت استراتژیک شده است. نظریه­های متعدد و پیچیده انتزاعی مدیریت استراتژیک، نه تنها در عمل قابل کاربرد نمی­باشند بلکه منجر به گمراه شدن تصمیم­گیرندگان سازمانی می­شوند. هر چند که تلاش­های اخیر در زمینه آشکارسازی ماهیت عملی و واقعی استراتژی، منجر به ارائه نظریه­های عملگرا و توجیه­پذیرتر شده است اما سازمان­ها از کمبود روشی گام به گام به عنوان راهنمای عملی استراتژیک­سازی، رنج می­برند. سازمان­ها بیشتر از آنکه نیازمند نظریه باشند، نیازمند اقدام عملی در راستای پیاده­سازی استراتژی­های خود می­باشند. بنابراین، هدف از انجام این پژوهش، ارائه نظریه­ای عملگرا و تجربی برای استراتژیک­سازی سازمان به کمک مطالعه طولی یک شرکت تولید و پخش مواد غذایی در طی 4.5 سال می­باشد. این مقاله از طریق انجام مصاحبه­های نیمه ساختاریافته رسمی، مصاحبه­های غیررسمی قوم­نگارانه، مشاهدات میدانی و مصاحبه­های پساکیفی، در بازه زمانی 1396 تا 1400 هجری شمسی، به انجام رسیده است. یافته­های این پژوهش نشان می­دهند که به کمک روش گام به گام عادت­سازی مبتنی بر مکانیزم محرک-پاسخ و تقویت عادت­ها در راستای جهت­گیری کلی سازمان می­توان استراتژی­ها را پیاده­سازی نمود. این نظریه در تناقض با نگاه رایج کل­نگر مدیریت استراتژیک است و به طور همزمان به سطح کلان و سطح خرد سازمان توجه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Strategy As Pragmatic Habituation: An Innovative Pragmatic Deconstruction-Unsimulacra Research

نویسنده [English]

  • Nima Eskandarinia
Department of Public Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, postmodern and pragmatic approaches to strategic management theories have led to the formation of a completely different, out of abstract and pragmatic view of strategic management. Numerous and complex abstract theories of strategic management are not only inapplicable in practice but also lead to misleading organizational decision makers. Although recent efforts to uncover the practical and real nature of strategy have led to more pragmatic and justifiable theories, organizations suffer from a lack of a step-by-step approach as a practical guide to strategizing. Organizations need practical action to implement their strategies, rather than theory. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to build an empirical pragmatic theory for strategizing of the organization by means of a longitudinal study in a food production and distribution company over 4.5 years. This article has been conducted through formal semi-structured interviews, informal ethnographic interviews, field observations and post-qualitative interviews, in the period 1396 to 1400. The findings of this study show that strategies can be implemented with the help of step-by-step method of habituation based on stimulus-response mechanism and strengthening of habits in the direction of the general orientation of the organization. This theory contradicts the common view of the whole component of strategic management and simultaneously pays attention to the macro level and micro level of the organization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deconstruction
  • Habituation
  • Simulacra
  • Strategizing
  • Post-qualitative approach
  • Pragmatism

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